Step 1 Initial Layer of Wax
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With the prepared tooth in your hand (not screwed into the typodont), apply a thin layer of BLUE wax to the entire preparation. The wax should be of even thickness (approximately 0.5mm) and cover the entire surface of the crown (prepared tooth surface). The wax should go to and slightly beyond the cavosurface margin of the preparation initially. Remove gross excess wax now. The final finishing and refinement of the margins will be managed at a later stage in the waxing procedure. The margins will be sealed and properly contoured using the beavertail portion of the BEAVERTAIL/ACORN burnisher in one of the last steps of the procedure. Use the PKT1 instrument to apply the wax. There should be no voids in the wax. The type of margin around the preparation is supragingival and near the CEJ (cementoenamel junction). The type of margin is called a chamfer on the lingual and a bevelled shoulder on the labial. Take care to make sure that the labial margin is waxed to include the bevel. The margin of the preparation is smooth and continuous. Therefore, if there is any irregularity or discontinuity in your waxed margin, the waxing is incorrect and requires modification.
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Initial layer of wax
Labial View
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Initial layer of wax
Lingual View
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Initial layer of wax
Incisal View
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Step 2 Establishing Mesial and Distal Contacts
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Screw the prepared tooth into the typodont. Using RED wax and the PKT1 instrument, add a cone to contact the mesiobuccal portion of the adjacent maxillary first premolar and the distal of the maxillary lateral incisor at the junction of the middle and incisal thirds. This step establishes the contacts that must be maintained throughout this exercise. The position of the contacts coincides with the mesial and distal crests of curvature of this tooth, which is at the junction of the middle and incisal third mesially and in the middle third distally. Evaluate the amount and location of the wax cone from the labial, lingual and incisal views as shown below.
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Mesial and distal contacts
Labial View
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Mesial and distal contacts
Lingual View
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Mesial and distal contacts
Incisal View
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Step 3 Establishing the Cusp Ridges
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Screw the prepared tooth into the typodont. Using a PKT1 and GREEN wax, establish the mesial and distal cusp ridges. The cusp tip should be offset to the mesial as the mesial cusp ridge is shorter than the distal cusp ridge. Evaluate amount and location of wax from the labial, lingual and incisal views. Adjustments may be made with the tooth in or out of the typodont. The goal is to add the correct amount of wax in the correct location using your wax instruments. Minimal carving should be required. Evaluate amount and location of wax from the labial, lingual and incisal views.
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Step 4 Establishing the Contour Bars
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Remove the tooth from the typodont to begin this step. Using a PKT1 and RED wax, establish the mesiolabial contour bar, middle labial contour bar and the distolabial contour bar. On the lingual surface establish the mesiolingual, distolingual and lingual contour bars along with the cingulum. Assess the contacts after adding the lingual contour bars. Carefully close the typodont. If the contacts are heavy, heat up the wax to achieve an ideal location, size and magnitude of the contact. See the final picture for the location and size of the contacts.
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Cusp ridges and the mesiolabial, middle labial and distolabial contour bars
Labial View
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Cusp ridges and the mesiolingual, lingual and distolingual contour bars and cingulum
Lingual View
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Cusp ridges, contour bars and cingulum
Incisal View
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Step 5 Final Steps
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Click and hold the cursor down on the 3D model above to rotate the model (or click on the 3D model and use the arrow buttons).
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Fill in the remaining missing tooth structure using the PKT1 or PKT2 instruments using WHITE wax. Most of this step can be completed with the prepared tooth out of the typodont. Use the BEAVERTAIL/ACORN burnisher, the CD 4/5 (discoid cleoid) carver to complete the final contour and finish of the wax-added exercise. Use a piece of nylon stocking or pantyhose to complete the finish. Evaluate the margins of your wax pattern out of the typodont (using magnification). Screw the tooth back into the typodont and evaluate the completed wax pattern. After securing the prepared tooth with the completed wax pattern in the typodont, evaluate
1. mesial and distal contacts (location, magnitude and dimension)
2. labial and lingual crests of curvature (location and extent)
3. anatomical details
4. smoothness of surface (check for subsurface voids)
5. location and magnitude of maximum intercuspation contacts
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Final wax-added exercise
Labial View
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Final wax-added exercise
Lingual View
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Final wax-added exercise
Incisal view
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Contact position and size
The cusp tip of the mandibular canine contacts the mesial marginal ridge of the maxillary canine and the distal ridge of the maxillary lateral incisor (white dots) in maximum intercuspation.
The buccal cusp tip of the mandibular first premolar contacts the distal marginal ridge of the maxillary canine and the mesial marginal ridge of the maxillary first premolar (black dots) in maximum intercuspation.
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Final wax-added exercise
Incisal View
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