Palmer Shorthand Numbering System
Palmer Shorthand Numbering System for the Secondary Dentition
The Palmer or Palmer/Zsigmondy numbering system uses one of 4 quadrant symbol designations for each of the four quadrants.
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Palmer System Quadrants |
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= Maxillary right
= Maxillary left
= Mandibular right
= Mandibular leftThe quadrant symbols are used for both the primary and secondary dentitions.
Each quadrant in the secondary (permanent) dentition has eight teeth. The teeth are numbered from 1-8 in each quadrant with 1 representing the central incisor and 8 representing the third molar. The tooth number is placed within the appropriate quadrant symbol.
For example, the Palmer shorthand designation for the secondary mandibular left first molar is 
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Palmer Shorthand Numbering System for the Primary Dentition
The Palmer shorthand system uses the letters A-E to represent the 5 teeth in each quadrant of the primary dentition. Beginning at the midline, A represents the primary central incisor while E represents the primary second molar.
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Palmer System Naming of Primary Teeth |
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A = central incisor |
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B = lateral incisor |
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C = canine |
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D = first molar |
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E = second molar |
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Click on the movie icon above to view the Palmer Zsigmondy shorthand system.
